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DCRM(MSS) Area 4 version 2

Page history last edited by hwolfe@... 15 years, 6 months ago
4. Publication, Distribution, Etc., Area
Contents:
4A. Preliminary rule
4B. Place of publication production, distribution, etc.
4C. Name of publisher, distributor, etc.
4D. Date of publication, production, distribution, etc.
4E. Place of manufacture
4F. Name of manufacturer
4G. Date of manufacture 
WHAT DATE ARE WE TALKING ABOUT?: Date of composition vs. date of production?? DACS: date of creation, date of record keep activity, date of publication, date of broadcast.
[AMREMM (4A, p. 35): "Scope: Use this area for literary manuscripts only. Do not record the place and date of production for letters, legal documents, or archival records here, as this information is already given as an element of the supplied title for such items." DACS also puts this info as an element of the title, n'est pas? Does it also recommend that the record repeat this information in the 260 field? (No, it omits the 260 field--MN) What do we want? - JKN]
[EOK: It would be helpful to define what we mean by “production.” Does it mean the place and date of creation of  the manuscript as a physical object, or the place and date of composition of its content? The treatment of this area is one of the major differences between AACR, APPM/DACS, and AMREMM. AMREMM and AACR have different rules about production information for non-literary (i.e. letters and documents) manuscripts and “literary” (also scientific, historical, biographical, etc.) manuscripts. AMREMM prescribes the title area for the former, the publication, production, etc. area for the latter. AACR prescribes the title area for date and place of writing of non-literary manuscripts; the date of writing for literary manuscripts goes in the publication, production, area, but the place goes only in a note (47B8). APPM and DACS put both in the title field for all manuscripts. This might have something to do with the assumption that the place and date associated with a letter or a document, medieval or modern, is the place and date of both creation and of production. But for literary manuscripts, there is a big divide between medieval manuscripts, which are frequently copies of existing texts, and modern manuscripts, which are generally original work; moreover, the decoration and other physical aspects of medieval manuscripts are generally more important than for modern manuscripts, so AMREMM uses the publication/production area for their place and date. My inclination would be to go with APPM/ DACS, and use the title field for place and date, and call it the date of writing (a nice neutral term that covers both concepts).

 

This still leaves the issue of how to deal with manuscripts known to be copies or forgeries produced at a different date from the original. Maybe record the date of the original, if the writer includes it on the manuscript, and explain in a note? If the copyist/forger doesn’t date the manuscript, don’t supply the date, and explain in a note. Hmmm …]
[GENERAL QUESTION: Clearly DCRM (B) and (S) make a lot of reference to "distributors" and "distribution". Does this even apply to us? Should we just replace "publicaiton" with "production" all the way through and get rid of "distributor/distribution altogehter? Can anyone think of examples where distributors/booksellers, etc, apply to manuscripts?] [A typescript or a handwritten manuscript could be mimeographed and distributed by someone, as in the case of literary broadsides or flyers put out during the "mimeograph revolution" of the 1960s and 1970s. They could be cataloged as publications or as manuscripts, I suppose, depending on one's point of view--MN]
[EOK: The example of someone mimeographing a typescript or handwritten manuscript—I’m not sure that counts as distribution. Doesn’t distribution occur only when publication also occurs? Otherwise we would have to say that the Post Office was the distributor for correspondence, or that scriptoria were distributing the manuscripts they produced.]

 

4A. Preliminary rule
4A1. Prescribed punctuation
For instructions on the use of spaces before and after prescribed punctuation, see 0E.
Precede this area by a period-space-dash-space.
Precede a second or subsequently named place of publication, distribution, etc., by a semicolon, unless a linking word or phrase is given in the publication.
Precede the name of the first publisher, distributor, etc., by a colon. Precede the name of a second and any subsequent publisher, distributor, etc., by a colon, unless a linking word or phrase is given in the publication. JKN
Precede the date of publication production, distribution, etc., by a comma. JKN
Enclose the details of manufacture (place, name, date) within parentheses. JKN
Precede a second or subsequently named place of manufacture by a semicolon, unless a linking word or phrase is given in the publication. JKN
Precede the name of the first manufacturer by a colon. Precede the name of a second and any subsequent manufacturer by a colon, unless a linking word or phrase is given in the publication. JKN
Precede the date of manufacture by a comma. JKN
For the use of the equals sign to precede parallel statements, see the appropriate rules following.
[I struck through anything having to do with "manufacture"; however if anyone can think of or find an instance where an ms has a "manufacturer" please feel free to unstrike and provide an example! -JKN
4A2. Sources of information
4A2.1. The prescribed sources of information for the publication, distribution, etc., area are the title page, colophon, other preliminaries, or other explicit statement of place or date of production (AMREMM, 4A3, p. 35 -JKN)  and dust jacket (see introductory section IX.2), in that order of preference. If the information for an element is not present in these sources, any source may be used to supply needed information (see 0G6). If statements belonging to different elements are found in separate sources, combine them to make a complete statement in the publication, distribution, etc., area. However, do not combine statements belonging to a single element when they appear in different sources within the publication.

EOK: Trying to apply rules developed for published materials to manuscripts is tough. It may be that medieval manuscripts follow a stable enough pattern of production to justify setting up a hierarchy (or even a list) of sources of information, but this surely isn’t the case modern manuscripts. How many of the items we deal with have a title page, colophon, preliminaries, etc.? Same goes for references to “statements” of production. Better to substitute “information” for all the occurrences of “statement”.

4A2.2. If any part of the publication, distribution, etc., area is taken from a source other than the title page, make a note to indicate the source (see 7B8). Make a note about information not transcribed in the publication, distribution, etc., area, if it is considered important. (Lacking such an explicit statement, derive information from any available localizable or datable textual or physical evidence (e.g. content, script, decoration, etc.). Record in a note the location within an item from which this information is obtained and the features on which it is based. If the information is obtained from an alternate source of information, such as a reference work, published article, or scholarly communication, etc. recorde this source in a note. Enclose all information taken from alternate sources of information in square brackets. AMREMM, 4A3, p. 35) -JKN) 
4A3. Form and order of information
4A3.1. Transcribe publication, production, distribution, etc., information in the form and order in which it is presented in the source, unless instructed otherwise by specific rules (see 0G).
EOK: Since manuscripts are unique, users aren’t going to be using these transcriptions as a way of identifying variants; is there any other reason for exact transcription? .
4A3.2. If statements belonging to different elements appear out of order, or as part of another area, and they are grammatically separable, transpose them as needed. Make a note indicating the original position of the transposed elements.
Mexico : Imprenta de la Escalerillas dirigida por Manuel Ximeno, 1828
Note: Date follows place of publication in imprint
Philadelphia : Published by Johnson & Warner, 1813 ([Philadelphia] : William Greer, printer)
Note: Printer precedes date of publication on t.p.
[Jena] : Verlegt zu Jena von Joh. Jacob Ehrdten, anno 1698 ([Mühlhausen] : Gedruckt zu Mühlhausen von Tobias David Brücknern)
Note: Printer statement appears before date on t.p.
4A3.3. If the elements are not grammatically separable, or their transposition would result in an ambiguous or otherwise confusing construction, transcribe them in the order found and supply missing elements in square brackets as needed (see 0G6).
[London] : Emprynted the yere of oure Lorde a. MCCCCC & xiij by Richard Pynson, prynter vnto the kyng[es] noble grace, [1513]
(Comment: The date of publication has not been transposed because it is not a grammatically separable element)
4A4. Fictitious or incorrect information
If all information relating to the publication, distribution, etc., area appearing in the publicationmanuscriptis known to be fictitious or incorrect, transcribe it nonetheless. If the real details are known, or can be reasonably surmised, supply them at the end of the area as a correction in square brackets. Give the source of this information in a note. If some but not all of the information is known to be fictitious or incorrect, apply the appropriate rule (see 4B9, 4C5, 4D2.4). [AMREMM, 4B3: If an item purports to have been produced in or at an inocrrect or ficticious place and/or date, supply only (emphasis mine -JKN) a corrected place and/or date of production in this area. Transcribe an incorrect or fictitious attribution in a note of origin. -JKN]
Sadopolis : Chez Justin Valcourt ... à l'enseigne de la Vertumalheureuse, an 0000 [i.e. Brussels : Jules Gay, 1866]
Note: Corrected imprint from: Pia, P. Livres de l'Enfer
4A5. Information covered by labels, etc.
If any of the original details relating to the publication, distribution, etc., area are covered by a label or other means showing later information, transcribe the later information. If the original details are visible or otherwise available, transcribe or give them in a note.
EOK: The instructions about information covered by a label seem applicable mainly (only?) to published material
4A6. Elements relating to publication, distribution, etc., vs. elements relating to manufacture
Consider the wording, layout, and typography of the publication itself when determining the most appropriate place to transcribe information relating to the publication, distribution, etc., area. Keep in mind that statements relating to printing will sometimes be more appropriately transcribed as elements of publication, distribution, etc., and sometimes as elements of manufacture.[1] Consult the following instructions for guidance. -JKN
4A6.1. Statements relating to publication, distribution, etc., only
If the publication bears only a statement relating to publication, distribution, etc., or multiple such statements, transcribe the statement(s) according to the instructions in 4B, 4C, and 4D.
Geneuae : Sumptibus Petri Chouët, 1651
Viennae : Impensis Joannis Pauli Kraus, bibliopolae Viennensis, 1768
New-York : Sold by D. Felt & Co. ; Boston : Published by Cha's Ellms, agent, [1835?]
4A6.2. Statements relating to manufacture only
4A6.2.1. If the publication bears only a statement relating to manufacture, or multiple such statements, generally assume the manufacturer(s) to also be functioning as publisher(s), distributor(s), etc. Transcribe the statement(s) according to the instructions in 4B, 4C, and 4D. Consider the words “place of publication” and “publisher” in those instructions to refer equally to the place of manufacture and name of manufacturer in such cases.
Moguntiae : In typographeio Ioannis Albini, anno 1602
Edmonton : Jas. E. Richards, government printer, 1907
Te Philadelphia : Gedrukt bij Hendrik Miller, in de Twede Straat, MDCCLXII [1762]
Albany : Printed by Websters and Skinners ; New-York : Stereotyped by G. Bruce, 1822
4A6.2.2. However, if the manufacturer is known not to be the publisher, distributor, etc., and the identity of the publisher, distributor, etc., can be determined or reasonably surmised, supply the name of the publisher, distributor, etc., in square brackets and transcribe the manufacturer statement as such according to the instructions in 4E, 4F, and 4G.
[Boston : New York & Erie Railroad Company, 1856] (Boston : Farwells & Forrest, steam job printers, 5 Lindall Street)
4A6.3. Statements relating both to publication, distribution, etc., and to manufacture
If the publication bears statements relating both to publication, distribution, etc., and to manufacture, determine whether or not the statements are grammatically separable.
4A6.3.1. If the statements are grammatically inseparable, transcribe them according to the instructions in 4B, 4C, and 4D. Consider the words “place of publication” and “publisher” in those instructions to refer equally to the place of manufacture and name of manufacturer in such cases.
Boston : Printed by Robert Hodge, for Nathaniel Coverly, in Newbury-Street, [1782]
[Westzaandam] : Gedrukt voor den uitgever by H.J. de Roode te Westzaandam, en zyn te bekomen te Amsteldam by B. van der Klok, boekverkooper op de Blaauw Burgwal, 1765
Germantown, in Pennsylvania : Printed by Christopher Sower and sold in Charles-Town, South-Carolina, by Jacob Viart, book-seller in Elliot Street, [1757]
4A6.3.2. If the statements are grammatically separable, determine which statement is emphasized in the source, whether typographically (larger font size, uppercase letters, boldface, etc.) or by appearing first.
4A6.3.2.1. If a manufacturer statement has been emphasized, transcribe all of the statements according to the instructions in 4B, 4C, and 4D. Consider the words “place of publication” and “publisher” in those instructions to refer equally to the place of manufacture and name of manufacturer in such cases.
Londini : Typis H. Parker : Cura Josephi Pote, bibliopolae Etonensis, 1732
Oppenheimio : Ex officina typographica Hieronymi Galleri : Sumptibus Johannis Theodori de Bry, 1617
Manchester : Printed at the office of G. Nicholson, No. 9, Spring-Gardens ; London : Sold by T. Knott, No. 47, Lombard-Street and Champante & Whitrow, Jewry-Street, 1796
4A6.3.2.2. If a publisher, distributor, etc., statement has been emphasized, transcribe the publisher, distributor, etc., statement(s) according to the instructions in 4B, 4C, and 4D and transcribe the manufacturer statement(s) according to the instructions in 4E, 4F, and 4G.
Boston : Published by William Parker, 1816 (Brookfield [Mass.] : E. Merriam & Co., printers)
Tot Middelburgh : By Zacharias Roman, boeck-vercooper ..., anno 1636 (Tot Middelburgh : Gedruckt by Hans vander Hellen ...)
New York : Livermore & Rudd, 1856 ([New York] : Electrotyped by Thomas B. Smith, 82 & 84 Beekman Street : Printed by J.D. Torrey, 18 Spruce Street) 
[I took the liberty of striking through anything to do with differentiating between a producer of a manuscript and a "manufacturer" but I will say that I was describing a manuscript in the Robbins Collection today which had reference to a publisher. The ms is an unpublished Petite Eglise schismatic pamphlet from 1805 regarding French bishops who fled to London after the French Revolution. The colopon of the manuscript reads: d'l'imprimerie de Cox et Baylis..." So it could be that it is a manuscript transcription of a pamphlet published by Cox and Baylis, OR it is an as yet unpublished manuscript where the writer was assuming it would be published by Cox and Baylis because they had published other such manuscripts. According to the dealer description there is no evidence that it ever was published. Anyhow, that is and example of a manuscript that has a referece to a manufacturer -JKN]
[Would the inclusion of an "imprint" come up so rarely that we should put it in a note rather than use a 260 field? What should we do in the case of a bound manuscript which is a handwritten copy of a book, complete with title page and "imprint" (copied from the book)?--MN]

EOK: This is definitely worth recording, but in a note, not in the publication area, if the publication information relates to a different manifestation (or expression, or incarnation or whatever FRBR would call it), i.e. the published version. It often happens that galley proofs, which fall into the manuscript category, contain references to the publisher or printer who is involved in putting out the published version.

4B. Place of publication production, distribution, etc.
4B1. General rule
4B1.1. Transcribe the names of places associated with publishers producers, distributors, and booksellers as part of this element. Transcribe the names of places associated with printers and other manufacturers only if appropriate according to the instructions in 4A6 (i.e., when the wording, layout, or typography of the publication suggests that the manufacturer is also functioning as the publisher, distributor, etc.).

[EOK: Most of the instructions about recording place could be repurposed, in the Title area (if that is where we decide to put this information). How about adding instructions for recording street addresses, and locations such as “At sea” (and/or name of ship) or military encampments (e.g. Camp at Saratoga)]

 

4B1.2. Transcribe the place of publication production, distribution, etc., as it appears in the source. If the place appears together with the name of a larger jurisdiction (e.g., country, state, or similar designation), or multiple such jurisdictions, transcribe this as well.
Elizabeth-Town
Köln
Apud inclytam Germaniae Basileam
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Boston
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
4B2. Places of publication, production, distribution, etc., with initial prepositions, etc.
Include in the transcription any prepositions appearing before the place of publication, production, distribution, etc., as well as any accompanying words or phrases associated with the place name.
A Lyon
In London
In Boston, printed
(Comment: Title page reads: “In Boston, printed. 1705.” Following provisions of 4D1.3, “printed” is here transcribed with the place)
Printed at Bennington
Impressum fuit hoc opus Venetiis
4B3. Supplied modern forms of place names
If considered necessary for identification and if known, supply in square brackets the modern form of the name of the place. Use an English form of the name, if there is one.
Christiania [Oslo]
Eboracum [York]
Monachii [Munich]
but Madridii
(Comment: Recognizable as “Madrid” without qualification)
4B4. Supplied fuller forms of place names
If a place name is found only in an abbreviated form in the source, transcribe it as found. Supply in square brackets the full form of the name, or the remainder of the name, if considered necessary for identification.
Mpls [i.e. Minneapolis]
Rio [de Janeiro]
4B5. Supplied larger jurisdictions
Supply in square brackets the name of the country, state, province, etc., after the name of the place if it is considered necessary for identification, or if it is considered necessary to distinguish the place from others of the same name. Use a modern English form of the name, if there is one. Apply the abbreviations appearing in AACR2, Appendix B.
Cambridge [England]
Newport [R.I.]
Washington [Pa.]
4B6. Two or more places of publication, production, distribution, etc.
4B6.1. If the source of information shows two or more places and all are related to the same publisher, transcribe all in the order in which they appear.
London ; York
A Lausanne & se trouve à Paris
 
[AMREMM (4C3) has a section about composite manuscripts and says that if the "consitutent parts were produced in different localities, record for the place of production...the widest geographical area common to all parts. If the constituent parts do not share at least a common country of produciton, do not record a place of production in this area, but instead list the separate places of produciton in a note. -JKN]
[EOK: I suppose there are cases where an individual manuscript (as opposed to a group of manuscripts) was written in a couple of different spots, and we know this (either from external evidence, or because the writer bothered to record it : (London and Rome). But these are infrequent. Multiple places of production are more of an issue in book cataloging because publishers, distributors, etc. can have multiple places of business—but since we are dealing with unpublished material, it doesn’t seem germane.]
4B6.2. Optionally, if it is considered that the places are too numerous to list exhaustively, and that some may be omitted without significant loss of identification, the place of publication, production, distribution, etc., statement may be shortened by omitting all the places after the third. In such cases, use the mark of omission and supply after it in square brackets a phrase in the language and script of the cataloging agency to convey the extent of the omission. Include the number of omitted places (if more than one) in the supplied phrase.
London ; Reading ; Bath ... [and 6 other cities in England]
4B6.3. If a subsequent place of publication, production, distribution, etc., is not related to the same publisher, transcribe it in association with the publisher, distributor, etc., to which it corresponds.
New York : Ivison, Phinney, and Co. ; London : Trübner & Co.
4B6.4. Do not, however, transcribe a subsequent place as a place of publication, production, distribution, etc., if it must be recorded as a grammatically inseparable part of another element.
Printed at Worcester, Massachusetts : By Isaiah Thomas : Sold by him in Worcester, by said Thomas and Andrews in Boston, and by said Thomas and Carlisle, in Walpole, Newhampshire
4B6.5. If a place of publication, distribution, etc., associated with an earlier edition appears together with the actual place of publication, distribution, etc., of the edition being described, transcribe the places as a single element in the order in which they appear.
Philadelphia printed, London reprinted
4B6.6. If both the place and publisher, distributor, etc., associated with an earlier edition appear together with the place and publisher, distributor, etc., of the edition being described, transcribe each place with the publisher, distributor, etc., to which it corresponds.
London : Printed for Knight and Lacy, Paternoster-Row ; Greenfield, Mass. : Re-printed by Ansel Phelps, and for sale by him at his bookstore, also by West & Richardson, Cummings, Hilliard & Co., Boston, and Wilder & Campbell, New-York
4B7. Places of publication, production, distribution, etc., in multipart monographs
If the publication manuscript is issued in more than a single physical part, and the place of publication, production, distribution, etc., changes in the course of publication, production, give the place of publication, production, distribution, etc., of the later part(s) in a note.
Stuttgart ; Tübingen
Note: Place of publication in v. 33-40: Stuttgart ; Augsburg
4B8. Place names that are grammatically inseparable parts of other areas, etc.
If the place of publication, production, distribution, etc., appears only as a grammatically inseparable part of another area and is transcribed there, or appears only as a grammatically inseparable part of the publisher, distributor, etc., statement and is transcribed there, supply in square brackets the place of publication, production, distribution, etc., as the first element of the publication, production, distribution, etc., area (see 4C3). Use a modern English form of the name, if there is one.
[Munich] : Durch Peter Clement, Kunstführer zu München
4B9. Fictitious or incorrect places of publication, production, distribution, etc.
If the place of publication, production, distribution, etc., appearing in the publication manuscript is known to be fictitious or incorrect, supply a correction in square brackets, using a modern English form of name, if there is one, and give the basis for the correction in a note. If, however, the entire statement consisting of place, publisher, and date is known to be fictitious or incorrect, apply 4A4.
Londres [i.e. Paris]
Note: Actual place of publication production from: Weller, E.O.  Falsche Druckorte
4B10. No place of publication, production, distribution, etc.
4B10.1. If no place of publication, production, distribution, etc., appears in the publication, manuscript, supply one in square brackets. Use a modern English form of the name, if there is one, and include the name of the larger jurisdiction if considered necessary for identification. Use the location associated with the first transcribed publisher, distributor, etc., if one is present. Provide a justification for the supplied place in a note if necessary.
[Cambridge, Mass.] : Printed by Samuel Green, 1668
Note: Samuel Green was located in Cambridge, Mass., from 1660 to 1672
4B10.2. If the name of the place has changed over time, supply the name appropriate to the date of publication, production, distribution, etc., if known (e.g., Leningrad, not St. Petersburg, for works published produced in that city between 1924 and 1991). If considered necessary for identification, also supply the modern place name and the name of the larger jurisdiction.
[Christiania i.e. Oslo]
[Leona Vicario i.e. Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico]
4B11. Place of publication, distribution, etc., supplied based on address or sign
Supply in square brackets the name of the place of publication, distribution, etc., using a modern English form of the name, if there is one, when only an address or sign appears in the publication. (Transcribe the address or sign as the publisher, distributor, etc., statement; see 4C4.1.) When supplying the place, give a justification in a note if necessary.
[Paris]
(Comment: Imprint reads: “à l’enseigne de l’éléphant,” the trade sign of a Parisian printer)
[London]
(Comment: Imprint reads:“sold in St. Paul’s Church Yard”)
4B12. Place of publication, production, distribution, etc., uncertain or unknown
4B12.1. If the place of publication, production, distribution, etc., is uncertain, supply the name of the probable place of publication, production, distribution, etc., with a question mark, using a modern English form of the name, if there is one, all in square brackets.
[Amsterdam?]
[Newport, R.I.?]
[St. Petersburg?]
4B12.2. If no city of publication, production, distribution, etc., can be conjectured, supply the name of a state, province, country, or other larger geographic entity as the place of publication, production, distribution, etc., with a question mark if necessary, using a modern English form of the name, if there is one, all in square brackets.
[Canada]
[Surrey?]
[Prussia?]
[South America?]
4B12.3. If the reason for supplying the place is not apparent from the rest of the description, make a note to indicate the source of the information.
Note: Place of publication suggested by Alden
4B12.4. If no place of publication, production, distribution, etc., can be supplied, use the abbreviation “s.l.” (sine loco) in square brackets.
[S.l.]
4B13. Place names in more than one language or script
4B13.1. If the name of the place of publication, production, distribution, etc., appears in more than one language or script, transcribe the statement in the language or script of the title proper, or if this criterion does not apply, transcribe the statement that appears first. Transcribe the remaining statement(s) as parallel statements, preceding each by an equals sign. Make a note to indicate the original position on the source of any transposed statements.
4B13.2. Optionally, if it is considered that the parallel statements are too numerous to list exhaustively, and that some may be omitted without significant loss of identification, omit parallel statements after the first using the mark of omission. Transcribe the omitted statement(s) in a note, if considered important.
4C. Name of publisher, distributor, etc.
4C1. Transcribe the names of publishers, distributors, and booksellers as part of this element. Transcribe the names of printers and other manufacturers only if appropriate according to the instructions in 4A6 (i.e., when the wording, layout, or typography of the publication suggests that the manufacturer is also functioning as the publisher, distributor, etc.).
4C2. Transcribe the name of the publisher, together with any preceding words or phrases, as it appears in the publication.
: Em caza de Guilherme Strahan
: Printed, and re-printed by E. Waters
: In the Flete Strete in the sygne of the Sonne by Wynkyn de Worde
: Imprimerie d'E. Duverger, rue de Verneuil, no 4
Optionally, omit addresses and insignificant information in the middle or at the end of the publisher, distributor, etc., statement, unless the information aids in identifying or dating the publication or is deemed important to the cataloging agency (e.g., for the purpose of capturing book trade data). Indicate all omissions by the mark of omission.
: Chez Testu, imprimeur-libraire ... Blanchon, libraire ... et les marchands de nouveautés
If a statement such as “Privately printed” appears on the title page, transcribe it as, or as part of, the publisher, distributor, etc., statement.
: Privately printed
4C3. Publisher, distributor, etc., statements containing grammatically inseparable place names or dates
If the publisher, distributor, etc., statement contains grammatically inseparable statements relating to place or date of publication, distribution, etc., transcribe the information as part of the publisher, distributor, etc., element. Supply the place or date of publication, distribution, etc., in square brackets in the appropriate element (see 4B8, 4D1.4; see also 4A3.3).
[London] : Printed in the year of our Lord 1665 for the author Lodowick Muggleton, in Great Trinity-Lane London, near the sign of the Lyon and Lamb, [1665]
4C4. Publisher, distributor, etc., statements containing only addresses, signs, or initials
4C4.1. If only the address, sign, or initials of the publisher, distributor, etc., appear in lieu of the name, transcribe the statement containing the address, sign, or initials as the publisher, distributor, etc., statement (see also 4B11). If the publisher’s, distributor’s, etc., name can be identified, supply it in square brackets after the initials or before or after the address or sign, as appropriate, or give the information in a note.
: Printed for W.W. [i.e. William Welby] and are to be solde in Paule's Church yarde at the signe of the Grey-hound
Note: Bookseller's name identified in STC (2nd ed.)
: Printed for I.T.
Note: Printed by Miles Flesher for John Trundle; see STC (2nd ed.)
: [Jean-Pierre Costard] rue Saint-Jean-de-Beauvais, la premiere porte cochere au dessus du College
Note: Costard listed as printer in Quérard
: Ad insigne Pinus [i.e. Hans Schultes, the Elder]
Note: Colophon: Augustae Vindel. Ex officina typographica Iohannis Praetorii, anno MDCI. Praetorius was a latinized form used by Hans Schultes in some imprints; see Benzing, J. Buchdrucker (1982 ed.)
4C4.2. If the identification of the publisher, distributor, etc., is based on a device, supply the name of the publisher, distributor, etc., in square brackets, even if the device includes the publisher’s initials or spelled-out name. Make notes as necessary about the basis for the identification, the source of the information used, the presence of the device, etc.
4C5. Fictitious or incorrect publisher, distributor, etc., statements
If the publisher, distributor, etc., statement is known to be fictitious or incorrect, supply a correction in square brackets and give the basis for the correction in a note. If, however, the entire statement consisting of place, publisher (distributor, etc.), and date is fictitious or incorrect, apply 4A4.
: Par Mathurin Marchant [i.e. John Wolfe]
Note: Printer identified in STC (2nd ed.)
4C6. Two or more names of publishers, distributors, etc.
4C6.1. If the publisher, distributor, etc., statement includes more than one publisher, distributor, etc., in a single source, transcribe all the names in the order in which they appear. Transcribe them as subsequent statements of publication, distribution, etc., only when they are not linked by connecting words or phrases.
: Par Ian de Tournes pour Antoine Vincent
: Printed for the author and sold by J. Roberts
: Printed for J. Newbery, T. Becket, T. Davies, W. Jackson, in Oxford, and A. Kincaid, and Company, in Edinburgh
: Ex officina Ascensiana : Impendio Joannis Parui
4C6.2. Optionally, if it is considered that the names are too numerous to list exhaustively, and that some may be omitted without significant loss of identification, the publisher, distributor, etc., statement may be shortened by omitting all the names after the third. In such cases, use the mark of omission and supply after it in square brackets a phrase in the language and script of the cataloging agency to convey the extent of the omission. Include the number of omitted publishers (or firms) and the number of omitted places (if more than one) in the supplied phrase.
: Printed for F.C. and J. Rivington, Otridge and Son, J. Nichols and Co. ... [and 26 others]
: Printed and sold by J. Newbery and C. Micklewright, also by Mess. Ware, Birt, Astley, Austen, Robinson, Dodsley, and Needham, in London ...[and 8 others in 8 other places]
4C6.3. If the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., associated with an earlier edition appears together with the name of the actual publisher, distributor, etc., of the edition being described, transcribe the names as a single element in the order in which they appear.
: Printed for T. Cooper, at the Globe in Pater-noster-Row, 1742, and reprinted for J. Wilkie, St. Paul's Church-yard
4C6.4. If both the place and publisher, distributor, etc., associated with an earlier edition appear together with the place and publisher, distributor, etc., of the edition being described, transcribe each publisher, distributor, etc., with the place to which it corresponds.
London : Printed by G. Riebau, no. 439, Strand ; Edinburgh : Reprinted, with permission, and sold by J. Robertson, no. 4, Horse-Wynd ...
4C7. Names of publishers, distributors, etc., in multipart monographs
If the publication is issued in more than one physical part and the name or form of name of the publisher, distributor, etc., changes in the course of publication, transcribe the publisher, distributor, etc., statement of the first or earliest part and give the publisher, distributor, etc., statement of the later part(s) in a note.
: G.J. Göschen'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung
Note: Vols. 8-10 have publisher statement: Verlag von G.J. Göschen
4C8. Supplied and conjectured names of publishers, distributors, etc.
If no name, address, or device of a publisher, distributor, etc., appears in the publication, supply the name of the publisher, distributor, etc., in square brackets if known. If the responsibility of a publisher, distributor, etc., for a particular publication is conjectured, either add a question mark to any supplied name or give the information in a note. In any case of a supplied publisher, distributor, etc., give supporting evidence in a note.
4C9. No supplied name of publisher, distributor, etc.
If no publisher, distributor, etc., statement can be supplied, use the abbreviation “s.n.” (sine nomine) in square brackets.
Paris : [s.n.]
[S.l. : s.n.]
4C10. Publisher, distributor, etc., transcribed as part of another area
If no publisher, distributor, etc., statement appears in the publication, but the name of the publisher, distributor, etc., has already been transcribed as part of another area, supply it in a short identifiable form within square brackets.
[Paris : Symon Vostre, 25 Apr. 1500]
(Comment: Title reads: “Ces presentes heures a lusaige de Paris ... fure[n]t acheuees lan mil cincq ce[n]s le xxv iour dapuril pour Symon Vostre, libraire …”)
If transcribing a publisher, distributor, etc., statement in the publication, distribution, etc., area, however, do not abridge or expand the statement simply because it repeats or omits information given elsewhere in the description.
4C11. Publisher, distributor, etc., statements in more than one language or script
4C11.1. If the name of the publisher, distributor, etc., appears in more than one language or script, transcribe the statement in the language or script of the title proper, or if this criterion does not apply, transcribe the statement that appears first. Transcribe the remaining statement(s) as parallel statements, preceding each by an equals sign. Make a note to indicate the original position on the source of any transposed statements.
4C11.2. Optionally, if it is considered that the parallel statements are too numerous to list exhaustively, and that some may be omitted without significant loss of identification, omit parallel statements after the first using the mark of omission. Transcribe the omitted statement(s) in a note, if considered important.
 
[Again, I took the liberty of striking through anything to do with publishers and distributors/booksellers, but if anyone disagrees, please feel free to un-strike. -JKN]
4D. Date of publication production, distribution, etc. 
[Should we put this section at the end of the Area 1, as APPM does? MN]
[EOK: I vote yes]

 

4D1. General rule
4D1.1. Transcribe dates of publication production, distribution, etc., as part of this element. Transcribe dates of printing or other manufacture only if appropriate according to the instructions in 4A6 (i.e., when the wording, layout, or typography of the publication manuscript suggests that the manufacturer is also functioning as the publisher, distributor, etc.).
APPM:

1.1B5. Date. For an archival collection give the inclusive or span dates of the material. For a single item, give the exact date (expressed as year, month, day). (FN6: For authorized abbreviations of months, see AACR 2, Appendix B.) Always give the date as the last element in the title.

 

 

     If the item lacks explicit date information or the information is incomplete and date information must be supplied from internal evidence or from an external source, enclose it in square brackets. (FN7) If the date information is incomplete and the missing components cannot be supplied, use no year, no month, or no day, as appropriate. If no date or approximate date can be established (i.e., if even the century is uncertain) use undated.

 

FN7. Guidelines for recording probable and uncertain dates:

 

 

                 [1892?]                                                Probable date

                 [ca. 1892]                                            Approximate date

                 [not before 1875]                                 Terminal date

                 [not after 1916 July 16]                        Terminal date

                 [1814 or 1815]                                                One year or the other

                 [between 1906 and 1913]                    Use only for dates less than 20 years apart

                 [189-]                                                  Decade certain

                 [189-?]                                                            Decade uncertain

                 [18--]                                                   Century certain

                 [18--?]                                                 Century uncertain

 

[EOK: It's interesting where APPM will break down and use brackets and where it won't. Brackets seemingly reflect the probability of the information appearing in the material cataloged (an awful lot of manuscripts, literary and non-literary, are dated, but only the literary ones are titled).]

 

4D1.2. Transcribe dates as they appear in the publication,manuscript, including the day and month, if present.
, 7th July 1766
, 1732, reprinted 1734
 

[EOK: The instructions to transcribe dates as they appear conflicts with APPM, which recommends normalizing the dates as YYYY abbreviation for month day. Maybe this is because APPM was written for American archivists, who deal mainly with American archival records, and therefore don’t have to deal with out of the norm dates, such as Roman numerals, and Julian or other calendars? We should definitely include instructions for non-standard dating; do we want to normalize, as per APPM,  or transcribe exactly for plain vanilla dates?

I would also recommend including time of day, if given (e.g. “Morning”  "evening" 9 p.m.)]

4D1.3. Transcribe words and phrases such as “in the year” and “anno” as part of this element. If both the place and the date of printing appear in conjunction with the phrase “printed in the year,” determine whether “printed” is to be transcribed with the place or the date according to the punctuation or typography of the source.
London printed : [s.n.], in the year 1742
(Comment: Imprint reads: “London printed, in the year 1742”)
London : [s.n.], printed in the year 1742
(Comment: Imprint reads: “London, printed in the year 1742”)
4D1.4. If the date is grammatically inseparable from information transcribed as part of another element or area according to one or more of the conditions enumerated in 1B1.1, transcribe it within that area or element and supply the date in square brackets as the date of publication.
4D2. Transcription involving adjustments or additions
4D2.1. Roman numerals. If the date appears in roman numerals, transcribe the date as it appears. Omit internal spaces and punctuation (see 0G3.4, 0G4.1). Supply the year in arabic numerals in square brackets.
, anno Domini MDCXIV [1614]
, anno gratiae Mdiij [1503]
, MCCCCLXXXII le XV jour de decembre [1482]
, MDCCXLIV [1744]
(Comment: On publication: “M. D. CC. XLIV”)
4D2.2. Chronograms. If the date appears only in the form of a chronogram, substitute for it the date in arabic numerals in square brackets. If the supplied date includes a day/month, use the sequence: day, month, year. Make a note explaining the source of the date. Include a transcription of the original chronogram in the note, if considered important.
, [1740]
Note: Date of publication derived from chronogram: Ipso anno tertIo saeCVLarI typographIae DIVIno aVXILIo a gerManIs InVentae
(Comment: Transcribing the chronogram in this note is optional)
, [8 Mar. 1643]
Note: Date of publication derived from chronogram in colophon
4D2.3. Very long dates. If the statement of the date on the publication is very long, substitute for it a formalized statement in square brackets. If the supplied date includes a day/month, use the sequence: day, month, year. Make a note concerning the source and the original form of the statement.
, [18 May 1507]
Note: Date expressed in Latin words on t.p.
(Comment:On publication: “Anno gratiae millesimo quingentesimo septimo die vero decimoctavo Maij”)
4D2.4. Fictitious or incorrect dates. If the year of publication, distribution, etc., is known to be fictitious or is incorrect, transcribe it as it appears and supply the real or correct year in square brackets. If, however, the entire statement consisting of place, publisher (distribution, etc.), and date is fictitious or incorrect, apply 4A4.
, DMLII [i.e. 1552]
, 1703 [i.e. 1730]
If a date from the title page has been transcribed as the publication, distribution, etc., date, and evidence for a later date of publication, distribution, etc., appears in a source other than the title page, supply the later date in square brackets as a correction. If necessary, make a note to clarify that the date added as a correction is a differing date of publication, not a correction of an error on the title page.
, 1786 [i.e. 1788]
Note: Dedication and preface both dated 1788
4D2.5. Julian/Old Style dates. If the year of publication, distribution, etc., is based on the Julian calendar (sometimes called the Old Style calendar) and the publication, distribution, etc., is known to have been published in the following year according to the Gregorian calendar, transcribe the date as it appears and supply the Gregorian year in square brackets.[2] Make a note to indicate the basis for the supplied year. Do not amend the month and day, if present, by supplying Gregorian equivalents. In case of doubt, do not adjust the year.
, printed anno Domini 1640 [i.e. 1641]
Note: Date of publication based on the Julian calendar; see STC (2nd ed.)
, Februar. 8. anno 1588 [i.e. 1589]
Note: Imprint uses Lady Day dating; see Steele, R. Tudor and Stuart proclamations
If two dates appear in the publication, representing both Julian (Old Style) and Gregorian (New Style) dating, transcribe both dates, separated by a slash. Supply the Gregorian year in square brackets, if necessary.
, 2/13 September 1750
, 1690/1 [i.e. 1691]
, 1690/1691 [i.e. 1691]
4D2.6. Dates not of the Julian or Gregorian calendar. If the date of publication, distribution, etc., is based on a calendar other than the Julian or Gregorian calendar, transcribe the date and supply the equivalent Julian or Gregorian year(s) in square brackets.[3]
, shenat 627 [1866 or 1867]
(Comment: Year follows Hebrew calendar)
, an VII [1798 or 1799]
(Comment: Year follows French Revolutionary calendar)
Optionally, if the date of publication, distribution, etc., includes a day/month based on a calendar other than the Julian or Gregorian calendar, transcribe the date and supply the equivalent Julian or Gregorian day/month in square brackets. Use the sequence: day, month, year.
, prid. Kal. Dec. [30 Nov.] 1488
(Comment: Day and month follow Roman-style calendar)
, die visitationis Beatae Virginis Mariae [2 July] 1497
(Comment: Day and month follow ecclesiastical calendar)
4D2.7. Multiple adjustments or additions. If the date of publication, distribution, etc., requires more than a single adjustment or addition, provide all the supplied information within the same set of square brackets.
, MDCXIII [1613 i.e. 1693]
Note: Corrected imprint date from Wing
, anno MDCXVIII [1618 i.e. 1619]
Note: Imprint from colophon. Date of publication given in Old Style; see STC (2nd ed.)
, [620 i.e. 1859 or 1860]
Note: Date of publication derived from chronogram on t.p.
4D3. Date of publication, distribution, etc., supplied from reference sources
If the date of publication, distribution, etc., does not appear in the publication but is known, supply it in square brackets from any source, preferably a reliable bibliography or reference work. Give the source of the supplied date and any needed explanation in a note.
, [1876]
Note: Publication date from BAL
4D4. Conjectural date of publication, distribution, etc.
4D4.1. Supply in square brackets a conjectural date of publication, distribution, etc., based on any information available. Indicate the basis for the conjecture in a note.
4D4.2. If the title page bears a prominent date that does not clearly represent the date of publication, either transcribe it as part of the title and statement of responsibility area or give it in a note.
, [1814?]
Note: At head of title: December 25, 1814
(Comment: Date at head of title is the date of the proclamation, not the date of publication)
4D5. Patterns for supplying a conjectural date
Give a probable date or period of publication, distribution, etc., according to one of the patterns shown in the examples below. Give any needed explanation in a note. [APPM follows the patterns below, but DACS treats dates more informally. Which should we follow? Also, APPM calls for square brackets for a conjectural date, but DACS does not. Which way should we go? MN]
, [1560?]                                          probable date
, [ca. 1580]                                    approximate date DACS: circa 1580
, [ca. 1580?]                                  probable approximate date DACS: circa 1580?
, [not before 1479]                      terminal date
, [not after 21 Aug. 1492]        terminal date
, [1727 or 1728]                            one year or the other
, [between 1711 and 1749]           span certain
, [between 1711 and 1749?]         span uncertain
, [167-]                                            decade certain  DACS: 1670s
, [167-?]                                          probable decade  DACS: 1670s?
, [16--]                                            century certain   DACS: 1600s
, [16--?]                                          probable century  DACS: 1600s?
 
4D6. Incomplete date or no date
 
APPM: If the date information is incomplete and the missing components cannot be supplied, use "no year," "no month," or "no day," as appropriate. If no date or approximate date can be established (i.e., if even the century is uncertain) use "undated."
4D6. Copyright dates and dates of deposit
4D6.1. Do not transcribe a copyright date or a date of deposit in the publication, distribution, etc., area.
4D6.2. If a date of publication, distribution, etc., does not appear in the source and it is likely that the date of copyright or deposit represents the date of publication, supply the date in square brackets as the date of publication. Include a question mark if the supplied date is conjectural. Make a note to indicate that the basis for the supplied date is the date of copyright or deposit. Include in the note as much information as is deemed important to the cataloging agency. If transcribing a copyright symbol in the note, use a lowercase c to represent the symbol if it cannot be reproduced using available typographic facilities.
, [1850?]
Note: Copyright statement dated 1850 on t.p. verso
, [1866?]
Note: "Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1866 ... in the clerk's office of the Dist. Court of the U.S., for the Southern District of New York"--T.p. verso
, [1976]
Note: Date of deposit in colophon: 1er trimestre 1976
, [1988]
Note: Page [4] of cover: c1988
4D6.3. If the date of copyright or deposit does not represent the probable date of publication, distribution, etc., note it nonetheless and supply a more accurate date of publication, distribution, etc., in square brackets. Provide an explanation for the supplied date if possible.
, [194-]
Note: Publication date suggested by WWII imagery on cover; copyright date of 1929 in colophon
4D6.4. If the publication bears both a date of publication, distribution, etc., and a date of copyright or deposit, the latter information may be given in a note, if considered important.
, 1880
Optional note: "Copyright, 1878, by F.B. Greene"--T.p. verso
4D7. Date of publication, production, distribution, etc., in multipart monographs
4D7.1. In describing a publication manuscript consisting of volumes, parts, or fascicles published produced over a number of years, transcribe the date of the volume, part, or fascicle published produced first and the date of the volume, part, or fascicle published produced last, and connect them with a hyphen.
, 1692-1702
, MDXIII-MDXXIIII [1513-1524]
, MDLVIII-1570 [1558-1570]
4D7.2. Record the date of each volume in a note, if considered important. Such a note is particularly useful when the order of publication,production, distribution, etc., does not correspond to the order of the volume numeration.
, 1560-1564
Optional note: Vol. 1: 1561; v. 2: 1564; v. 3: 1562; v. 4: 1560
4D8. Date of publication, production, distribution, etc., on part pages
If parts of a publication manuscript have individual title pages bearing dates that differ from the date pertaining to the whole publication, work, give these additional dates in a note. If, however, one of these dates is a more accurate reflection of the actual date of publication, production, distribution, etc., than the date pertaining to the whole publication, work, give it as a correction as instructed in 4D2.4.
4E. Place of manufacture
4E1. General rule
Transcribe names of places associated with printers and other manufacturers as part of this element when appropriate according to the instructions in 4A6.
London and New York : Frederick Warne & Co., [1878?] (London and Edinburgh : Printed by Ballantyne, Hanson and Co.)
4E2. Supplied place of manufacture
If the place of manufacture does not appear, or is transcribed as part of another area or element, supply the place of manufacture in square brackets. Use a modern English form of the name, if there is one, and include the name of the larger jurisdiction if considered necessary for identification. Provide a justification for the supplied place in a note if necessary.
New Haven, Ct. : Published by E.L. & J.W. Barber, 1840 ([New Haven] : Hitchcock & Stafford, printers)
London : Collins ..., MCMXLVII [1947]([Northampton, England] : Printed in Great Britain by Clarke & Sherwell Ltd, Northampton, on Mellotex book paper made by Tullis Russell & Co. Ltd, Markinch, Scotland)
4F. Name of manufacturer
Transcribe the names of printers and other manufacturers as part of this element when appropriate according to the instructions in 4A6.
New York : G.P. Putnam's Sons ; London : John Murray, 1901 (London : Printed by William Clowes and Sons, Limited ...)
New York : Oakley & Mason ..., 1868 ([New York] : Davies & Kent, electrotypers and stereotypers ... : Press of the New York Printing Company ...)
4G. Date of manufacture
Transcribe a date of impression or other manufacture as part of this element only if it has not been treated as the date of publication, distribution, etc., following the instructions in 4A6, and only if it applies, or is likely to apply, to all copies of the edition or issue being cataloged. Such situations will occur only rarely. Dates of impression or other manufacture associated with a substantially unchanged impression of an edition or issue may be transcribed in a local note, if considered important.
, 1989
Optional local note: Library's copy: "1990 printing"--T.p. verso
 

 

Alternative rule: If a decision has been made to create a separate bibliographic description for an individual impression, state, binding variant, or copy within a single edition or issue (see introductory section X.1.4 and Appendix E), transcribe a date of impression or other manufacture associated with a substantially unchanged impression as part of the date of manufacture element. Transcribe the date as it appears, together with any associated words or phrases.
, 1989 (1990 printing)
Note: Date of impression from t.p. verso
If the date of manufacture appears in the source without an accompanying word or phrase, supply one in square brackets as appropriate.
, 1956 (1959 [impression])
If the date of impression is known from a source outside the publication, supply it in square brackets.
, 1923 ([1924 impression])
If the actual date of impression is known to differ from the date of impression given inside the publication, supply it as a correction within square brackets.
, 1923 (1924 [i.e. 1925] printing)
In the above cases, give the source of the date of impression, if other than the title page, and any explanations in a note.
 
 


[1] The roles of publishers, printers, and booksellers were not clearly delimited in the hand-press period. Statements relating to printing frequently appear prominently on early printed materials, reflecting the tendency of printers to function as more than solely manufacturers. As the book trade industry became increasingly specialized over time, however, the role of the publisher gradually assumed greater importance, while the roles of manufacturer and distributor came to be subordinate.
[2] The Julian calendar was gradually abandoned in favor of the Gregorian calendar beginning in 1582, with different countries adopting the calendar in different years. The difficulty in determining dates during this period is further complicated by the fact that January 1 was not universally used to reckon the start of a new year (e.g., before adopting the Gregorian calendar, Great Britain and its colonies long calculated the turn of the year on March 25, the Feast of the Annunciation or “Lady Day”). For assistance in establishing Gregorian dates, consult a reference source such as Adriano Cappelli’s Cronologia e CalendarioPerpetuo or C.R. Cheney's Handbook of Dates for Students of English History.
[3] For publications issued before 1582, supply the equivalent Julian date(s). For later publications, supply the equivalent Gregorian date(s).

 

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